Anderson Jr, John D., Corda Stephen and Van Wie, David M., Numerical Lifting Line Theory Applied to Drooped Leading-Edge Wings Below and Above Stall, J. Aircraft, Vol. 17, No. 12, Dec. 1980, pp. 898-904.
Ando, Shigenori, and Ichikawa, Akio, The Use of an Error Index to Improve Numerical Solutions for Unsteady Lifting Airfoils, AIAA J., Vol. 21, No. 1, Jan. 1983, pp. 47-54.
Anon. KC-135 Winglet Program Review, NACA CP-211, 1981.
Asai, Keisuke Theoretical Considerations in the Aerodynamic Effectiveness of Winglets, J. Aircraft, Vol. 22 no. 7, July 1985, pp. 635-637.
Ashley, Holt and Rodden, William P. Wing-Body Aerodynamic Interaction, 1972.
Burkett, C. W. Reductions in induced drag by the use of aft swept wing tips, Aeronautical Journal, Dec. 1989, pp 400-405.
Cary, M. D. A Parametric Analysis of Winglet Effects, M.S. Thesis, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, Dec. 1976.
Cheng, H. K. and Murillo, Luis E. Lunate-tail Swimming Propulsion as a Problem of Curved Lifting Line in Unsteady Flow. Part 1. Asymptotic Theory, J. Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 143., pp. 327-350.
Chopra, M. G. Hydrodynamics of lunate-tail swimming propulsion, J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 64, part 2, pp. 375-391.
Chopra, M. G. Large Amplitude Lunate-Tail Theory of Fish Locomotion, J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 74, part 1, pp. 161-182.
Clements, H. R. Canted Adjustable End Plates for the Control of Drag, Aeronautical Eng. Review, Vol. 14, No. 7, July 1955.
Cone, Clarence D. The Theory of Induced Lift and Minimum Induced Drag of Nonplanar Lifting Systems, NASA TR R-139, 1962. 31 pp.
Dahlin, J. A. Aerodynamic Evaluation of Winglets for Transport Aircraft, AIAA Paper 81-1215, June 1981.
De Jarnette, Fred R. Arrangement of Vortex Lattices on Subsonic Wings in, Vortex-Lattice Utilization, NASA SP-405, 1976, pp. 301-323.
Devenport, William J and Simpson, Roger L. Flow Past a Wing- Body Junction - Experimental Evaluation of Turbulence Models, AIAA J., Vol. 30, no. 4, April 1992.
Devenport, William J., Agarwal, N.K., Dewitz, M. B., Simpson, Roger L. and Poddar, K. Flow Past a Wing-Body Junction - Experimental Evaluation of Turbulence Models, AIAA J., Vol. 30, no. 4, April 1992.
De Young, John Induced Drag Ideal-Efficiency Factor of Arbitrary Lateral-Vertical Wing Forms, NASA Contractors Report, No. 3357, Dec. 1980, 47pp..
Dulikravitch, George S. Aerodynamic Shape Design and Optimization: Status and Trends, J. Aircraft, Vol. 29, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 1992.
Eliraz, Y. and Ilan, D. Performance of the ARAVA Aircraft with Wing-Tip Winglets, Israeli J. Technology, Vol. 15, no. 1 and 2, 1977, Proc. of the 19th Israeli Annual Conf. on Aviation and Astronautics, Tel Aviv and Haifa, Israel, May 2-3, 1977, pp. 35-43.
Epton, Michael A., Integration by Parts Formula for Boundary- Element Methods, AIAA J., VOl. 30, No. 2, Feb. 1992, pp. 496-504.
Ermolenko, S. D., Rogozin, Yu. A. and Rogachev, G. V. Calculation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Rectangular Wing with Endplates near a Screen, Soviet Aeronautics, Vol. 18, no. 2, 1975.
Flechner, S. G. et al A High Subsonic Speed Wind-Tunnel Investigation of Winglets on a Representative Second- Generation Jet Transport Wing, NASA TN D-8264, 1976.
Flechner, S. G. Part VI - Stability Characteristics of a Full- Span Model at Subsonic Speeds, NASA TP-1330, 1979.
Fornasier, L., A Source-Equality Kutta Condition for Panel Methods, Vol. 22, No. 8, Aug. 1984, pp. 1167-1168.
Frink, Neal T. Lifting-Surface Theory for Skewed and Swept Wings, J. Aircraft, Vol. 19, No. 7, July 1982, pp. 519-524.
Gall, Peter D. and Smith, Hubert C. Aerodynamic Characteristics of Biplanes with Winglets, J. Aircraft, Vol. 24 no. 8, Aug. 1987, pp. 518-522.
Graham, J.M.R. Effect of End-Plates on the Two-Dimensionality of a Vortex Wake, Aeronautical Quarterly, Vol. 20, part 3, Aug. 1969, pp. 237-247.
Guermond, J.-L. Collocation Methods and Lifting-Surfaces, European
J. of Mechanics, B
Fluids, No. 4,1989, pp. 263-305.
Hancock, G. J. Comment on Spanwise Distribution of Induced Drag in Subsonic Flow by the Vortex Lattice Method, J. Aircraft, Vol. 8, No. 8, August 1971, pp. 681-682.
Heltsley, Fred L. Report on the Status of a Slotted Wind-Tunnel Wall Representation Using the Vortex-Lattice Technique, in Vortex-Lattice Utilization, NASA SP-405,1976, pp. 145-162.
Heyson, H. H., Roebe, G. D. and Fulton, C. L. Theoretical Parametric Study of the Relative Advantages of Winglets and Wing-Tip Extensions, NASA TP 1020, 1977.
Hoerner, S. F. Fluid-dynamic Drag, published by the author, 1965.
Hough, Gary R. Remarks on Vortex-Lattice Methods, J. Aircraft, Vol. 10, No. 9, May 1973, pp. 314-316.
Ishimitsu, K. K. Aerodynamic design and analysis of winglets. AIAA Paper 76-940, Sept. 1976.
Jacobs, P. F. et al Part I - Longitudinal Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Semi-Span Model at Subsonic Speeds, NASA TN D-8473, 1977.
Jacobs, P. F. Part V - Stability Characteristics of a Full- Span Wing with a Generalised Fuselage at High Subsonic Speeds, NASA TP-1163, 1978.
James, Richard M. On the Remarkable Accuracy of the Vortex Lattice Method, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 1, 1972, pp. 59-79.
Karpouzian, G., Spedding, G and Murillo, Luis E. Lunate-tail Swimming Propulsion. Part 2. Performance Analysis, J. Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 210, pp. 329-351.
Kuhlman, J. M., Cerney, M. J. and Liaw, P. Transonic Low Aspect Ratio Wing-Winglet Designs, AIAA Paper 88-0007, Jan. 1988.
Kuhlman, J. M., Liaw, P. and Cerney, M. J.
Theoretical
Numerical Study of Feasibility of Use of
Winglets on Low Aspect Ratio Wings at Subsonic and
Transonic Mach Numbers to Reduce Drag, NASA CR-4174,
Aug. 1988.
Kuhlman, John M. and Liaw, Paul, Winglets on Low-Aspect Ratio Wings, J. Aircraft, Vol. 25 no. 10, Oct. 1988, pp. 932-941.
Lan, C. E., A Quasi-Vortex-Lattice Method in Thin Wing Theory, J. Aircraft, Vol. 11, No. 9, Sept. 1974, pp. 518-527.
Lan, C. E. Some Applications of the Quasi Vortex-Lattice Method in Steady and Unsteady Aerodynamics, Vortex-Lattice Utilization, NASA SP-405, 1976, pp. 385-405.
Lombardi, G. and Vicini, A., Induced Drag Prediction for Wing-Tail and Canard Configurations through Numerical Optimisation, Aeronautical J., June/July 1994, pp. 199-206.
Lundry, J. L. and Lissaman, P. B. S. Minimum Induced Drag on Non-planar Wings, J. Aircraft, Vol. 5, No. 1, 1968, pp. 17-21.
Mangler, W. The Lift Distribution of Wings with End-Plates, NACA TM-856, 1938.
Mangler, K. W. and Smith, J. H. B. Bevaviour of the Vortex Sheet at the Trailing Edge of a Lifting Wing, Aeronautical Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, Nov. 1970, pp. 906-908.
Margason, R. J. and Lamar, J. E. Vortex-Lattice-Fortran Program for Estimating Subsonic Aerodynamic Characteristics of Complex Planforms, NASA TN D-6142, Feb. 1971.
Maskew, Brian, Prediction of Subsonic Aerodynamic Characteristics: A Case for Low-Order Panel Methods, J. Aircraft, Vol. 19, No. 2, Feb. 1982.
Meyer, R. R. Jnr et al Part IV - Stability Characteristics of a Full-Span Model at Mach 0.30, NASA TP-1119, 1978.
Meyer, R. R. Jnr et al Part VII - Sideslip Effects on Winglet Loads and Selected Wing Loads at Subsonic Speeds for a Full-Span Model, NASA TP-2619, 1986.
Montoya, L. C. et al Part II - Pressure and Spanwise Load Distributions for a Semi-Span Model at High Subsonic Speeds, NASA TN D-8474, 1977.
Montoya, L. C. et al Part III - Pressure and Spanwise Load Distributions for a Semi-Span Model at Mach 0.30, NASA TN D-8478, 1977.
Munk, M. M. The Minimum Induced Drag of Aerofoils, NACA Report 121, 1921.
Naik, D. A. and Ostawari, C. Effects of Nonplanar Outboard Wing Forms on a Wing, J. Aircraft, Vol. 27, No. 2, Feb. 1990, pp. 117-122.
Pavelka, Jerry and Tatum, Kenneth, E., Validation of a Leading-Edge Stall Prediction Technique, J. Aircraft, Vol. 18, No. 10, Oct. 1981, pp. 849-854.
Reynolds, Peter T. Winglets Introduced on Business Jets, Automotive Engineering, Vol. 87, no. 4, April 1979, pp. 44-47.
Rosen, Bruce S. Computational Transonic Analysis of Canted Winglets, J. Aircraft, Vol. 21, no. 11, Nov. 1984, pp. 873- 878.
Rossow, Vernon J., Lift Enhancement by an Externally Trapped Vortex, J. Aircraft, Vol. 15, No. 9, Sep. 1978, pp. 618-625.
Shen, S. F. and Chan, Stevens T. K., Variational Approach to the Lifting Surface Equation, AIAA J., Vol. 11, No. 10, October 1973, pp. 1390-1395.
Shevell, R. S. Fundamentals of Flight, Prentice-Hall, 1983.
Smith, J. H. B. Wing Tip Flows and Wing Devices (Symposium): Introductory Remarks, Aeronautical J., Dec. 1987, pp. 443-445.
Smith, J. S. Modelling Winglets Using the SPARV Computer Program, in Computational Methods in Aeronautical Fluid Dynamics, ed. P. Stow, Clarendon Press, Oxford, England, 1990.
Smith, Stephen C. and Kroo, Ilan . Computation of Induced Drag for Elliptical and Crescent-Shaped Wings, J. Aircraft, Vol. 30 no. 4, Jul-Aug. 1993, pp. 446-452.
Smith, J. H. B. Wing Tip Flows and Wing Devices (Symposium): Introductory Remarks, Aeronautical J., Dec. 1987, pp. 443-445.
Spillman, J. J. The Use of Wing Tip Sails to Reduce Vortex Drag, Aeronautical J., Sept. 1978, pp. 387-395.
Stark, Valter J. E. A Generalised Quadrature Formula for Cauchy Integrals, AIAA J., Vol 9, No. 9, Sept. 1971, pp 1854-1855.
Stewartson, K. A Note on Lifting Line Theory, Quart. J. Mech. and Applied Math., Vol. 13, no. 1, 1960. pp. 49-56.
Sugiyama, Y. A Theory for Rectangular Wings with Small Tip Clearance in a Channel, Aeronautical Quarterly, May 1973, pp. 103-119.
Takami, H., Kawakatsu, H. and Kubota, H. Optimization of the Spanwise Load Distribution of Wings with End-Plates for the Minimum Induced Drag, Proc. 14th JSASS Annual Conference, Tokyo, April 1983, pp. 12-13.
Tuck, E. O., A Nonlinear Unsteady One-Dimensional Theory for Wings in Extreme Ground Effect, J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 98, part 1, 1980, pp. 33-47.
Tuck, E. O. Lifting Surfaces with Endplates, 11th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conf, Hobart, Australia, 14-18 Dec. 1992.
Tuck, E. O. Some Accurate Solutions of the Lifting Surface Integral Equation, J. Australian Math. Soc. Series B, N. 35, 1993, pp. 127-144.
van Dam, Cornelis, P., Holmes, Bruce J. and Pitts, Calvin, Effect of Winglets on Performance and Handling Qualities of General Aviation Aircraft, J. Aircraft, Vol. 18, No. 7, Jul 1981., pp. 587-591.
van Dam, C. P. Analysis of Non-planar Wing-Tip-Mounted Lifting-Surfaces on Low-Speed Airplanes, NASA Contractors Report 3684, Jun. 1983, 174 pp.
van Dam, C. P. Natural Laminar Flow Airfoil Design Considerations for Winglets on Low-Speed Airplanes, NASA Contractors Report, 3853, Dec. 1984, 27 pp.
van Dam, C. P. Induced-Drag Characteristics of Crescent-Moon-Shaped Wings, J. Aircraft, Vol. 24, No. 2, Feb. 1987., pp. 115-119.
van Niekerk, Becker, Integration of Singular Functions Associated with Lifting Surface Theory, AIAA J., Vol. 24, No. 7, July 1986, pp. 1195-1196.
van Oossanen, P. and Joubert, P. N. The Development of the Winged Keel for Twelve-Metre Yachts, J. Fluid Mechanics, vol. 173, 1986, pp. 55-71.
Vijgen, P. M. H. W., van Dam, C. P. and Holmes, B. J. Sheared Wing-Tip Aerodynamics: Wind Tunnel and Computational Investigation, J. Aircraft, Vol. 26, No. 3, March 1989, pp. 207-213.
Whitcomb, R. T. A Design Approach and Selected Wind-Tunnel Results at High Subsonic Speeds for Wing-tip Mounted Winglets, NASA TN D-8260, 1976.
Whitcomb, R.T. Methods for Reducing Subsonic Drag Due to Lift, AGARD Report no. 654, Special Course on Concepts for Drag Reduction, Von Karman Institute, Rhode-St-Genese, Belgium, Mar 28-April 1, 1977, Published by AGARD, Neuilly sur Seine, France, Jun 1977, pp. 2.1-2.17.